The Ingredients: Dexamethasone; Neomycin Sulfate; Polymyxin B Sulfate
Dosage Form and Administration: Suspension/drops; Ophthalmic
U Drug Trade Name: Dexasporin
Firm: Pharmafair
Strength: "0.1%;EQ 3.5MG BASE/ML;10,000 UNITS/ML"
New Drug Application Type: A
The Drug Application Number: 62428
Medicine Product Number: 1
Approval Date: 5/18/1983
Reference Listed Drug: No
Type: DISCN
Applicant Full Name: Pharmafair Inc
Local Number: 26812

Effects of Steroids

The kind of binding the steroids have to hormones determines the immediate effects of steroids in the brain. Androgen (male sex hormone) and estrogen (female sex hormone) receptors on the surface of a cell attract steroids. The steroid–receptor complex affects the cell nucleus and can influence patterns of gene expression. Because of this, the acute effects of steroids in the brain are substantially different from those of other drugs. Steroids are not euphorigenic, and do not trigger rapid increases in the neurotransmitter dopamine, which is responsible for the high that often drives substance abuse behaviors. However, long term steroid use eventually influences the same brain pathways and affects chemicals such as dopamine, serotonin and opioid systems. Considering the combined effect of their complex direct and indirect actions, it is not surprising that Steroids can affect mood and behavior in significant ways.

Isotretinoin

A daily oral intake of vitamin A derivative isotretinoin (marketed as Accutane, Amnesteem, Sotret, Claravis, Clarus) over a period of four to six months can cause long-term resolution or reduction of acne. Doctors believe that isotretinoin works primarily by reducing the secretion of oils from the glands, however some studies suggest that it affects other acne-related factors as well. Isotretinoin research shows it to be very effective in treating severe acne and can either improve or clear well over 80 percent of patients. The drug has a much longer effect than anti-bacterial treatments and will often cure acne for good. The treatment requires close medical supervision by a dermatologist because the drug has many known side effects (many of which can be severe). About 25 percent of patients may relapse after one treatment. In those cases, patients require a second treatment for another four to six months to obtain desired results. Doctors recommend that one allow a few months pass between the two treatments, because acne can actually improve somewhat over time. Occasionally a third or even a fourth course is used, but the benefits are often less substantial. The most common side effects are dry skin and occasional nosebleeds (secondary to dry nasal mucosa). Oral retinoids also often cause an initial flare up of acne within a month or so, which can be severe. There are reports that the drug has damaged the liver of patients. For this reason, doctors recommend that patients have blood samples taken and examined before and during treatment. In some cases, doctors terminate or reduce treatment due to elevated liver enzymes in the blood of the patient, which suggest a link to liver damage. Other dermatologists claim that the reports of permanent damage to the liver are unsubstantiated, and deem routine testing unnecessary. A doctor must also monitor the blood triglycerides. However, routine testing is part of the official guidelines for the use of the drug in many countries. Some press reports suggest that isotretinoin may cause depression but as of September 2005, there is no agreement in the medical literature as to this risk. The drug also causes birth defects if a woman becomes pregnant while taking it or takes it while pregnant. For this reason, female patients are required to use two separate forms of birth control or vow abstinence while on the drug. Many doctors only supply isotretinoin to women as a last resort after milder treatments have proven insufficient. The USA put into effect restrictive usage rules (see iPledge program) beginning in March 2006 to prevent misuse, causing occasioned widespread editorial comment.

VIP Medicine

VIP Medicine is a type of medical practice now found in many metropolitan areas across the country. VIP Medicine has come to represent a higher level of healthcare for those who want a more personalized relationship with their physician. At the upper echelon are the practice associations, like IPA Health, which integrate the traditional concierge model and match it with an advanced level of diagnostic care and true concierge services. IPA Health members enjoy the benefit of having access to on-site laboratories and the best diagnostic equipment available in medicine today. The ability to make most diagnoses in a single visit saves concierge patients the time of having to return to the office for a follow-up visit. This, in complement with a dedicated Patient Care Concierge and the ability to network and consult online through a patient portal sets the IPA Health model above most other concierge practices found nationwide. VIP Medical services include the following: IPA Health redefines the concept of Concierge Medicine. As a Concierge member, you will be assigned a Patient Care Concierge who will manage all aspects of the IPA Health experience, from transportation and accommodation (if you are coming from out of town), to medical evacuation if you experience a health emergency while traveling. VIP medicine at IPA Health is a healthcare service that is available to all people and is extremely affordable. Finally, a meaningful option for individuals and families seeking personalized attention from their doctor. A doctor can spend as much time with a patient as the patient needs. Wellness and prevention can be as much the center of attention as the immediate problem. The fundamental concept of Medicine Concierge is to bring back the old fashioned medical care. The number of patients are decreased by 90 percent of a conventional medical practice, our physicians are able to spend prolonged visits with our patients, and provide 24/7 physician availability via cell phone and see patients same-day.

Benzoyl Peroxide

Benzoyl peroxide cream is a topical bactericidal. Widely available over the counter (OTC), bactericidal products containing benzoyl peroxide treats mild to moderate acne. The patient applies the gel or cream containing benzoyl peroxide twice daily into the pores over the affected region. Bar soaps or washes may also be helpful and vary from 2 to 10 percent in strength. In addition to its therapeutic effect as a keratolytic (a chemical that dissolves the keratin plugging the pores) benzoyl peroxide also prevents new lesions by killing P. acnes. In one study, roughly 70 percent of participants using a 10 percent benzoyl peroxide solution experienced a reduction in acne lesions after six weeks. Unlike antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide has the advantage of being a strong oxidizer (essentially a mild bleach) and thus does not appear to generate bacterial resistance. However, it routinely causes dryness, local irritation and redness. A sensible regimen may include the daily use of low-concentration (2.5 percent) benzoyl peroxide preparations, combined with suitable non-comedogenic moisturizers to help avoid over drying the skin. Patients should exact care when using benzoyl peroxide, as it can very easily bleach any fabric or hair it meets.