The Ingredients: Theophylline
Dosage Form and Administration: "capsule, Extended Release; Oral"
U Drug Trade Name: Theobid Jr.
Firm: Whitby
Strength: 130MG
New Drug Application Type: A
The Drug Application Number: 87854
Medicine Product Number: 1
Approval Date: 3/20/1985
Reference Listed Drug: No
Type: DISCN
Applicant Full Name: Whitby Pharmaceuticals Inc
Local Number: 43603

Short Term Residential Treatment

Short term residential programs provide intensive and brief treatment based on a modified 12-step approach. Originally, addiction specialists designed these programs to treat alcoholics with addiction problems, but during the cocaine epidemic of the mid 1980s, many residential treatment programs began to address other types of substance abuse disorders. The original residential treatment model consisted of a three to six week hospital stay for inpatient treatment, followed by extended outpatient therapy and participation in a self help group, such as Alcoholics Anonymous. Following stays in residential treatment programs, individuals should remain engaged in outpatient treatment programs and or aftercare programs. These programs help to reduce the risk of relapse once a patient leaves the residential setting.

Warts

A wart is generally a small, rough tumor, typically found on the hands and feet, but often in other locations. A wart can resemble a cauliflower or a solid blister. Warts are common, and develop from a viral infection, specifically by the human papillomavirus. Warts are contagious and spread by contact to skin of an infected person. It is also possible to get warts from using towels or other objects. Warts typically disappear after a few months but can last for years and may recur.

Oral Antibiotics

Oral antibiotics used to treat acne include erythromycin or one of the tetracycline antibiotics (tetracycline, the better absorbed oxytetracycline, or one of the once-daily doses of doxycycline, minocycline or lymecycline). Sometimes doctors prescribe Trimethoprim (off-label use in UK). However, reducing the P. acne bacteria will not do anything to reduce the oil secretion and abnormal cell behavior that is the initial cause of blocked follicles. Additionally antibiotics are becoming less and less useful, as resistant P. acne strains are becoming more common. Acne will generally reappear quite soon after the end of treatment--days later in the case of topical applications, and weeks later in the case of oral antibiotics. Furthermore, side effects of tetracycline antibiotics can include yellowing of the teeth and an imbalance of gut flora, so doctors recommended these treatments after the determining that topical products have no effectiveness. Studies show that sub-antimicrobial doses of antibiotics such as minocycline also improve acne. Doctors believe that the anti-inflammatory property of minocycline also prevents acne. These low doses do not kill bacteria and hence cannot induce resistance.

Nearly all adults have battled insomnia at some point in life. Some studies estimate that one out of every three adults worldwide suffers from insomnia. Beverage Industry Those suffering from insomnia can encounter extreme difficulty falling asleep, as well as trouble sleeping without interruption. Drugs Insomnia can also include symptoms such as hallucinations, muscle weakness, mental fatigue or hyperactive alertness. When insomnia persists for longer than a month, doctors consider the condition chronic. Drug Products Curing insomnia begins by identifying the cause of the sleep disorder. For some, mental factors such as stress worsened by anxiety over sleep difficulties, depression, unresolved grief or panic disorders may contribute to the development of insomnia. Addiction For others, medical conditions such as sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome or neurological conditions can create insomnia in individuals. Some sufferers of insomnia also encounter sleep difficulties due to environmental factors such as noise or light. Others have disrupted natural circadian rhythms that once normalized, can eliminate insomnia. Drugs Lifestyle can also contribute to or worsen the condition, as napping, caffeine intake, alcohol or drug consumption or even smoking can aggravate insomnia. In some cases, medications such as antibiotics or psychoactive drugs can create symptoms of insomnia. Sometimes drugs like Ambien aimed at resolving the condition can trigger insomnia. Best Shield Insomnia can have a debilitating effect on daily living, causing daytime sleepiness, lethargy and irritability, as well as cognitive and memory difficulties. For these reasons, many sufferers of insomnia turn to prescription drugs to alleviate insomnia. Drugs Acne Zits

Podiatry

Podiatry is a branch of medicine devoted to the study, diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle and lower leg. In the United States, two groups of physicians mainly provide medical and surgical care of the foot and ankle: podiatrists and orthopedists. Podiatrists are certified in Foot and Ankle Surgery or certified in Foot Surgery and certified in Reconstructive Rear foot/Ankle Surgery by the American Board of Podiatric Surgery and are specifically trained to diagnose and perform complex surgical treatments of the foot and ankle. They are an integral part of the health care team, and combined with all other podiatric physicians, currently treat the majority of foot-related medical issues in the U.S. Orthopedists are the second largest providers of foot-related medical care. Each board-certified Podiatric Foot and Ankle Surgeon has a professional doctoral degree, which requires the completion of four years of Podiatric Medical School. The Podiatric Medical School curriculum covers basic and clinical sciences, including, but not limited to: general anatomy, pathology, biochemistry, pharmacology, general medicine, surgery, pediatrics, behavioral sciences, and ethics. Unlike MD and DO medical schools, the Podiatric Medical School curriculum also provides intensive foot and ankle “specialty” specific education beginning in the first year. They have completed a post-graduate Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Residency. While current Podiatric Residency models range from two to three years, the majority of graduates complete three years of podiatric surgical training and some continue on to do fellowships. This training follows a four-year undergraduate college degree. The first year of podiatric medical school is somewhat similar to training that physicians receive, but with a limited scope on foot, ankle, and lower extremity problems. As a second entry degree, for admission an applicant must first complete a minimum of 90 semester hours at the university level and/or complete a bachelor's degree. A residency follows the four-year podiatric medical school, which is hands-on post-doctoral training. There are two standard residencies named Podiatric Medicine and Surgery. These represent the two- or three-year residency training. Podiatric residents rotate through all main areas of medicine such as emergency, pediatric, internal medicine, and general surgery and of course podiatry — both clinic and surgical. During these rotations, attending podiatrists train the resident physicians in medicine and surgery. Podiatric Foot and Ankle Surgeons certified have successfully completed an intense board certification process comparable to that undertaken by individual MD and DO specialties. Certification involves written, oral, and computer-based patient simulation questions, in addition to submission of surgical case logs. Prerequisites for board qualification in Foot and Reconstructive Rear foot /Ankle Surgery require successful completion of a three-year podiatric surgical program and passing a written examination. Board certification in Foot Surgery is a prerequisite for board certification in Reconstructive Rear foot / Ankle Surgery. A candidate must pass both the written, oral, and computer-based patient simulation questions in Foot Surgery as well as the written, oral, and computer-based patient simulation questions in Reconstructive Rear foot /Ankle Surgery. Certification requires submission of 65 cases for certification in Foot Surgery and an additional 30 cases for certification in Reconstructive Rear foot/Ankle Surgery, for 95 cases. Certification requires four years of post-degree clinical experience before taking the certification examination. Additionally, must re-certify every 10 years to maintain their board-certified status, although some members who were certified prior to 1991 undergo a "self-test" examination, essentially circumventing taking the written exam all others must take in order to become re-certified. In the United States, the previous titles used for the Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree were Doctor of Surgical Chiropody (DSC) and Doctor of Podiatry. Podiatry in the U.S. currently encompasses a broader spectrum of practice than it used to. Podiatrists can now perform medical and surgical procedures in all 50 states, though the specific scope of practice varies slightly in each state. History The professional care of feet was in existence in ancient Egypt as evidenced by bas-relief carvings at the entrance to Ankmahor's tomb dating from about 2400 BC with the depiction of work on hands and feet. Hippocrates recognized the need to reduce hard skin, described as corns and calluses. He invented skin scrapers for this purpose and these were the original scalpels. Aulus Cornelius Celsus, a Roman scientist and philosopher, was probably responsible for giving corns their name. Later Paul of Aegina (AD 615-690) defined a corn as "a white circular body like the head of a nail, forming in all parts of the body, but more especially on the soles of the feet and the toes.” Until the turn of the 20th century, chiropodists—now known as podiatrists—were separate from organized medicine. They were independently licensed physicians who treated the feet, ankles, and related leg structures.