Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in the state of Oregon. It has an estimated population of 568,380, and has been referred to as the greenest city in the United States.[6] Portland is Oregon's most populous city, and the third most populous city in the Pacific Northwest, after Vancouver, British Columbia, and Seattle, Washington. Approximately two million people live in the Portland metropolitan area, the 23rd most populous in the United States as of July 2006. Portland was incorporated in 1851 and is the county seat of Multnomah County.[8] The city extends slightly into Washington County to the west and Clackamas County to the south. It is governed by a commission-based government headed by a mayor and four other commissioners. The city and region are noted for strong land-use planning and investment in public transit, supported by Metro, a distinctive regional-government scheme. Portland is also known for its large number of microbreweries and microdistilleries, and as the home of the Trail Blazers NBA basketball team. Portland lies in the Marine west coast climate region, marked by warm summers and rainy but temperate winters. This climate is ideal for growing roses, and for more than a century, Portland has been known as "The City of Roses" with many rose gardens—most prominently the International Rose Test Garden.

Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism provides leadership in a national effort to reduce problems related to alcohol. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism conducts research in a range of scientific areas, including genetics, neuroscience, epidemiology, and studies the health risks and benefits of alcohol consumption, prevention and treatment. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism coordinates and collaborates with other research institutes and Federal programs on issues related to alcohol. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism collaborates with international, national, state and local institutions, organizations, agencies and programs to translate and disseminate research findings to health care providers, researchers, policymakers and the public.

Rash

Rashes involve changes in the color or texture of the skin. Doctors can determine the cause of a rash from its visible characteristics and other symptoms. Dermatitis is the name of a simple rash and means inflammation of the skin. Contact dermatitis presents from things the skin touches, such as: dyes and other chemicals in clothing; chemicals in elastic, latex and rubber products; cosmetics, soaps and detergents; and poison ivy and oak.

Gynecology

Obstetrics and gynecology are the two surgical–medical specialties dealing with the female reproductive organs in their pregnant and non-pregnant state, respectively, and as such are often combined to form a single medical specialty and postgraduate training program. This combined training prepares the practicing OB/GYN to be adept at the surgical management of the entire scope of clinical pathology involving female reproductive organs, and to provide care for both pregnant and non-pregnant patients. Gynecology is a branch of medicine specializing in the disorders of the female reproductive system. Modern gynecology deals with menstrual disorders, menopause, infectious disease and development of the reproductive organs, disturbances of the sex hormones, benign and malignant tumor formation, and the prescription of contraceptive devices. A branch of gynecology, reproductive medicine, deals with infertility. It utilizes artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilizations, a human egg fertilized in a test tube, and then implanted into the womb. Some gynecologists also practice obstetrics. Surgical gynecology began to make progress in the 19th cent., when the introduction of anesthesia and antisepsis (see antiseptic) paved the way for many advances. The American physician J. M. Sims was largely responsible for gaining acceptance of gynecology as a medical and surgical specialty. Until then there had been opposition to it on moral grounds from midwives, the clergy, and the medical profession. Obstetrician/gynecologist is a physician specialist who provides medical and surgical care to women and has particular expertise in pregnancy, childbirth, and disorders of the reproductive system. This includes preventative care, prenatal care, detection of sexually transmitted diseases, Pap test screening, and family planning. An obstetrician is a medical doctor who specializes in the management of pregnancy, labor, and birth. They also receive specialized education in the health of the female reproductive system and surgical care. Much of their education focuses on the detection and management of obstetrical and gynecological problems. An obstetrician/gynecologist, commonly abbreviated as OB/GYN, can serve as a primary physician and often serve as consultants to other physicians. OB/GYNs can have private practices, work in hospital or clinic settings, and maintain teaching positions at university hospitals. OB/GYNs may also work public health and preventive medicine administrations. OB/GYNs have a broad base of knowledge and can vary their professional focus. Many develop unique practices, providing high-quality health care for women. OB/GYNs may choose to specialize in the following areas: An obstetrician closely monitors their patient's health during pregnancy and delivery. They diagnose fetus abnormalities or health issues of their patient and offer healthy living advice and treatment. They see their patients on a regular basis for health consultations, ultrasounds, and any of their patient's prenatal medical needs, including forming a birth plan. The frequency of a patients' check up often depends on risk factors and resources.

Retinoids Topical Acne Treatment

Retinoids are a group of medications that normalize the follicle cell lifecycle. There are topical retinoids such as tretinoin (brand name Retin-A), adapalene (brand name Differin) and tazarotene (brand name Tazorac). Like isotretinoin, these medications are similar to vitamin A, but they are topical treatments and generally have much milder side effects. However, they can cause significant irritation of the skin. The retinoids appear to influence the creation and death lifecycle of cells in the follicle lining. This helps prevent the hyper-keratinization of these cells that can create a blockage. Retinol, a form of vitamin A, has similar but milder effects and doctors prescribe because it also contains moisturizers. Doctors have prescribed topical retinoids for over 30 years, but are not available over the counter, so they are not as widely used as other topical treatments. Topical retinoids often cause an initial flare up of acne and facial flushing.